After an arrest, the criminal process typically begins with an initial appearance, where the accused is informed of charges and rights. During this stage, a judge may set bail, allowing the defendant to secure their release while awaiting trial. Following the appearance, a critical phase called arraignment occurs, where the defendant formally pleads guilty, not guilty, or no contest.
Subsequently, the prosecution and defense engage in discovery, exchanging evidence that will be presented in court. This phase may also include pre-trial motions, where legal arguments are made regarding evidence admissibility or trial procedures.
If the case proceeds to trial, both sides present their arguments, witnesses, and evidence. A jury or judge then deliberates before reaching a verdict. Should the outcome be guilty, sentencing follows, where the judge determines the penalty. Conversely, a not guilty verdict results in the defendant’s release, marking the conclusion of the criminal process unless the prosecution opts for an appeal.
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